Soal dan Pembahasan Ultraviolet Radiation – Secara umum materi reading dapat dipelajari pada pelajaran TOEFL. Pada pelajaran TOEFL terdapat materi reading yang soalnya akan dibagikan pada tulisan ini beserta pembahasannya.
This text is for questions 1 to 10.
Ultraviolet Radiation
Although only a small percentage of the electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the Sun is ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the amount that is emitted would be enough to cause severe damage to most forms of life on Earth were it all to reach the surface of the Earth. Fortunately, all of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation does not reach the Earth because of a layer of oxygen, called the ozone layer encircling the Earth in the stratosphere at an altitude of about 15 miles above the Earth. The ozone layer absorbs much of the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation and prevents it from reaching the Earth.
Ozone is a form of oxygen in which each molecule consists of three atoms (O3) instead of the two atoms (O2) usually found in an oxygen molecule. Ozone forms in the stratosphere in a process that is initiated by ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. UV radiation from the Sun splits oxygen molecules with two atoms into free oxygen atoms, and each of these unattached oxygen atoms then joins up with an oxygen molecule to form ozone. UV radiation is also capable of splitting up ozone molecules; thus, ozone is constantly forming, splitting, and reforming in the stratosphere. When UV radiation is absorbed during the process of ozone formation and reformation, it is unable to reach Earth and cause damage there.
Recently, however, the ozone layer over parts of the Earth has been diminishing. Chief among the culprits in the case of the disappearing ozone, those that are really responsible, are the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs meander up from Earth into the stratosphere, where they break down and release chlorine. The released chlorine reacts with ozone in the stratosphere to form chlorine monoxide (CIO) and oxygen (O2). The chlorine then becomes free to go through the cycle over and over again. One chlorine atom can, in fact, destroy hundreds of thousands of ozone molecules in this repetitious cycle, and the effects of this destructive process are now becoming evident.
1. According to the passage, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun …
A. is causing severe damage to the Earth’s ozone layer
B. is only a fraction of the Sun’s electromagnetic radiation
C. creates electromagnetic radiation
D. always reaches the Earth
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Menurut bagian tersebut, radiasi ultraviolet dari Matahari …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (B) is only a fraction of the Sun’s electromagnetic radiation
2. The word “encircling” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to …
A. rotating
B. attacking
C. raising
D. surrounding
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Kata “encircling” pada paragraf 1 paling dekat artinya dengan …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (D) surrounding
3. It is stated in the passage that the ozone layer …
A. enables ultraviolet radiation to reach the Earth
B. reflects ultraviolet radiation
C. shields the Earth from a lot of ultraviolet radiation
D. reaches down to the Earth
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Dalam bagian tersebut disebutkan bahwa lapisan ozon …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (C) shields the Earth from a lot of ultraviolet radiation
4: According to the passage, an ozone molecule …
A. consists of three oxygen molecules
B. contains more oxygen atoms than the usual oxygen molecule does
C. consists of two oxygen atoms
D. contains the same number of atoms as the usual oxygen molecule
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Menurut bagian tersebut, sebuah molekul ozon …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (B) contains more oxygen atoms than the usual oxygen molecule does
5. The word “free” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by …
A. liberal
B. gratuitous
C. unconnected
D. emancipated
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Kata “free” di paragraf 2 sebaiknya diganti dengan …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (C) unconnected
6. Ultraviolet radiation causes oxygen molecules to …
A. rise to the stratosphere
B. burn up ozone molecules
C. split up and reform as ozone
D. reduce the number of chlorofluorocarbons
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Radiasi ultraviolet menyebabkan molekul oksigen …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (C) split up and reform as ozone
7. The pronoun “it” in paragraph 2 refers to …
A. radiation
B. process
C. formation
D. damage
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Kata ganti “it” dalam paragraf 2 mengacu pada …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (A) radiation
8. The word “culprits” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. Guilty parties
B. Detectives
C. Group members
D. Leaders
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Kata “culprits” dalam paragraf 3 paling dekat artinya dengan yang mana dari berikut ini?”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (A) Guilty parties
9. According to the passage, what happens after a chlorine molecule reacts with an ozone molecule?
A. The ozone breaks down into three oxygen atoms.
B. Two different molecules are created.
C. The two molecules combine into one molecule.
D. Three distinct molecules result.
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Menurut bagian tersebut, apa yang terjadi setelah molekul klorin bereaksi dengan molekul ozon?”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (B) Two different molecules are created.
10. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses …
A. the negative results of the cycle of ozone destruction
B. where chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) come from
C. the causes of the destruction of ozone molecules
D. how electromagnetic radiation is created
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Paragraf berikut kemungkinan besar membahas …”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (A) the negative results of the cycle of ozone destruction
Sekian Soal dan Pembahasan Ultraviolet Radiation although only a small percentage of the electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the sun is ultraviolet uv radiation. Semoga although only a small percentage of the electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the sun is ultraviolet uv radiation Soal dan Pembahasan Ultraviolet Radiation tadi dapat membantu teman-teman dalam belajar bahasa Inggris.
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although only a small percentage of the electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by the sun is ultraviolet uv radiation