Materi TOEFL Structure Skill 7 beserta pembahasan lengkap dari buku Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test.
Skill 7 Use Adverb Time And Cause Connectors Correctly (Gunakan Kata Keterangan Waktu & Kata Hubung Sebab dengan Benar)
Kalimat dengan adverb clauses memiliki 2 pola dasar dalam bahasa Inggris. Perhatikan clauses dan juga connectors pada kalimat berikut ini.
1. I will sign the check before you leave.
2. Before you leave, I will sign the check.
Pada contoh kalimat di atas, terdapat 2 clauses, yaitu 1) you leave dan 2) I will sign the check. Clause “you leave” merupakan adverb time clause karena diawali dengan connector “before”. Pada contoh kalimat ke-1, connector “before” berada di tengah kalimat maka tidak perlu diberikan tanda koma (,). Sedangkan, pada contoh kalimat ke-2 connector “before” berada di awal kalimat maka tanda koma (,) diperlukan sesudahnya (di tengah kalimat) untuk memisahkan ke-2 clauses tersebut.
Example____ was late, I missed the appointment.
(A) I
(B) Because
(C) The train
(D) Since he
Jawaban: D
Pada contoh di atas, Anda harus tahu bahwa ada verb “was” yang membutuhkan sebuah “subject”. Selain itu, ada juga clause lainnya, yaitu “I missed the appointment”. Jika Anda memilih jawaban (A) atau (C), Anda akan memperoleh subject untuk verb “was”, tetapi Anda tidak akan mendapatkan sebuah connector untuk menghubungkan 2 clauses tersebut. Karena Anda memerlukan connector untuk menggabunkan 2 clauses tersebut, maka jawaban (A) dan (C) tidak tepat. Jawaban (B) tidak benar karena tidak ada subject untuk verb “was”. Oleh karena itu, jawaban (D) adalah jawaban yang paling tepat karena memiliki subject “he” untuk verb “was”, dan adaconnector “since” untuk menggabungkan 2 clause tersebut.
Perlu diingat!!!
ADVERB TIME AND CAUSE CONNECTORS
| Time | Cause |
| After, As, As long as, As soon as, Before, By the time, Once, Since, Until, When, Whenever, While | As, because, inasmuch as, now that (because now), since |
Subject + Verb Adverb Connector Subject + Verb
Teresa went inside because it was raining.
Adverb Connector Subject + Verb, Subject + Verb
Because it was raining, Teresa went inside.
*Perhatikan penggunaan tanda koma (,).
EXERCISE 7: Each of the following sentences contains more than one clause. Underline the subjects once and the verbs twice in each of the following sentences. Italicize the connectors. Then, indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I).
1. Since the bank closes in less than an hour, the deposits need to be tallied. (…)
2. Their backgrounds are thoroughly investigated before are admitted to the organization. (…)
3. The citizens are becoming more and more incensed about traffic accidents whenever the accidents occur at that intersection. (…)
4. The ground had been prepared, the seedlings were carefully planted. (…)
5. We can start the conference now that all the participants have arrived. (…)
6. The building quite vulnerable to damage until the storm windows are installed. (…)
7. Once the address label for the package is typed, can be sent to the mail room. (…)
8. Because the recent change in work shifts was not posted, several workers missed their shifts. (…)
9. The mother is going to be quite upset with her son as long as he misbehaves so much. (…)
10. Inasmuch as all the votes have not yet been counted the outcome of the election cannot be announced. (…)
Kunci Jawaban:
1. Since the bank closes in less than an hour, the deposits need to be tallied. ( C )
2. Their backgrounds are thoroughly investigated before they are admitted to the organization. ( I ) “tidak ada subject”
3. The citizens are becoming more and more incensed about traffic accidents whenever the accidents occur at that intersection. ( C )
4. After the ground had been prepared, the seedlings were carefully planted. ( I ) “tidak ada connector”
5. We can start the conference now that all the participants have arrived. ( C )
6. The building is quite vulnerable to damage until the storm windows are installed. ( I ) “tidak ada verb”
7. Once the address label for the package is typed, it can be sent to the mail room. ( I ) “tidak ada subject”
8. Because the recent change in work shifts was not posted, several workers missed their shifts. ( C )
9. The mother is going to be quite upset with her son as long as he misbehaves so much. ( C )
10. Inasmuch as all the votes have not yet been counted, the outcome of the election cannot be announced. ( I ) “tidak ada tanda koma sesudah adverb clause”
Sekian Materi TOEFL Structure Skill 7 beserta pembahasan dari buku Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test. Semoga Materi TOEFL Structure Skill 7 tadi dapat membantu teman-teman dalam belajar TOEFL.
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Baca juga: Materi TOEFL Structure Skill 6 (Coordinate Connectors)
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