Soal dan Pembahasan Type of Vaccines – Secara umum materi reading dapat dipelajari pada pelajaran TOEFL. Pada pelajaran TOEFL terdapat materi reading yang soalnya akan dibagikan pada tulisan ini beserta pembahasannya.
This text is for questions 1 to 4.
Type of Vaccines
Vaccines are prepared from harmful viruses or bacteria and administered to patients to provide immunity to specific diseases. The various types of vaccines are classified according to the method by which they are derived.
The most basic class of vaccines actually contains disease-causing microorganisms that have been killed with a solution containing formaldehyde. In this type of vaccine, the microorganisms are dead and therefore cannot cause disease; however, the antigens found in and on the microorganisms can still stimulate the formation of antibodies. Examples of this type of vaccine are the ones that fight influenza, typhoid fever, and cholera.
A second type of vaccine contains the toxins produced by the microorganisms rather than the microorganisms themselves. This type of vaccine is prepared when the microorganism itself does little damage but the toxin within the microorganism is extremely harmful. For example, the bacteria that cause diphtheria can thrive in the throat without much harm, but when toxins are released from the bacteria, muscles can become paralyzed and death can ensue.
A final type of vaccine contains living microorganisms that have been rendered harmless. With this type of vaccine, a large number of antigen molecules are produced and the immunity that result is generally longer lasting than the immunity from other types of vaccines. The Sabin oral antipolio vaccine and the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis are examples of this type of vaccine.
1. Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage?
A. Vaccines provide immunity to specific diseases.
B. Vaccines contain disease-causing microorganisms.
C. Vaccines are derived in different ways.
D. New approaches in administering vaccines are being developed.
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Manakah dari berikut ini yang mengungkapkan gagasan utama dari bacaan tersebut?”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (C) Vaccines are derived in different ways.
2. How many types of vaccines are presented in the passage?
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Ada berapa jenis vaksin yang disajikan dalam bacaan tersebut?”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (B) Three
3. Which paragraph discusses vaccines made from dead organisms?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Paragraf mana yang membahas vaksin yang dibuat dari organisme mati?”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (B) Paragraph 2
4. Which paragraph discusses vaccines that do not contain the disease-causing microorganism?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
Pembahasan:
Pada soal di atas menanyakan “Paragraf manakah yang membahas vaksin yang tidak mengandung mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit?”.
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah (C) Paragraph 3
Sekian Soal dan Pembahasan Type of Vaccines vaccines are prepared from harmful viruses or bacteria and administered to patients to provide immunity to specific diseases. Semoga vaccines are prepared from harmful viruses or bacteria and administered to patients to provide immunity to specific diseases Soal dan Pembahasan Type of Vaccines tadi dapat membantu teman-teman dalam belajar TOEFL.
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vaccines are prepared from harmful viruses or bacteria and administered to patients to provide immunity to specific diseases